
Located in the quaint little town of Sikandra, 4 km
from Agra, Akbar's Tomb is an excellent example of assimilation
of different styles of architecture and it represents a
significant departure from the earlier Mughal buildings. The tomb
carries the characteristic flavor of the airy tiered pavilions of
the Agra Fort and Fatehpur Sikri.
A connoisseur of art and architecture, Akbar's architectural
prowess is evident from the numerous buildings built by him
within the precincts of the great Agra Fort. Later on, he went on
to build the imperial city at Fatehpur Sikri, near Agra.
Before his death in 1605 AD, Akbar started building the
magnificent edifice at Sikandra, which was later completed by his
son Jahangir. The tomb, as it stands today, is in a large walled
garden on the Delhi-Agra road. The tomb can be entered through an
elegant southern gateway, which leads into the huge enclosed
garden. This magnificent gateway is covered with floral and
geometrical arabesque decoration in white and colored marble is
crowned with four elegant minarets in white marble. The
calligraphic decoration, first of its kind, is simply grand. The
gateway is a stately composition. Its high central arch is
flanked by others, which are small and simple. The grandeur of
this gateway renders it the most magnificent gateway to any
monument in the country. The charbagh (four gardens) leads to the
pyramidal structure of the Akbar's Tomb. The tomb is
predominately bright red-tiered structure, stacked like a castle
of playing cards. The tomb is different from previous Mughal
buildings in many ways. The building has five levels. The first
is a podium of arches. In the center of each face is a highly
inlaid framed door. The next three levels are in red sandstone
and have no arches, but the flat roof is held in place by rows of
pillars. On the uppermost terrace, one can see a white wall with
arches and replica of the sarcophagus that lies open to the sky.
Large panels of superbly crafted jali (filigree) screens form the
outer wall of the verandah on all four sides. Akbar's grave lies
in the basement, reached through a portico covered with gorgeous
stucco paintings in gold, blue, and green floral arabesque of
Persian inscriptions.
Since Jahangir completed the structure begun by Akbar, it suffers
from stylistic and conceptual incoherence. The absence of the
crowning dome remains a mystery. Still, Akbar's Tomb at Sikandra
ranks high amongst the most beautiful of all Mughal
buildings.